Network Concept List

Concept List

• Network — the system of interconnected computer networks from which we can access data. 
• Data — images, text, video, or any media that can be used by our apps.
• Protocol — a way of communicating; standard operating procedure; the rules for communication
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) — a protocol or “handshake” that defines how messages (and data) are sent and received by computers; the underlying protocol for the World Wide Web
• Client — a computer that requests data (or services) from a server
• Server — a computer that provides data (or services) to a client upon request
• HTTP request — a request for data (or a resource) that a client makes to a server; there are various types of HTTP requests called “HTTP methods”
• URL (Uniform Resource Locator) — specifies the location for retrieving data over the web; can be thought of as the name of a file on the World Wide Web, because it usually refers to a file on some machine on the network
• HTTP method — specifies the type of HTTP request that is being made; in this course, we will also called these (HTTP) request types
• HTTP status code — a number returned in response to an HTTP request which indicates the result of the request; you may also hear these referred to as “response codes” or “status messages”; here is a nice listing of different HTTP status codes
• HTTP GET request — a type of HTTP request where a client requests a specified resource from a server
• Completion handler — a block of code that is executed after something completes like a network task
• HTTPS — a protocol built on top of HTTP that ensures data sent over the network is encrypted, or concealed, from unauthorized access
• ATS (App Transport Security) — Apple’s set of security standards for ensuring our apps keep users’ data safe
• Singleton — a special kind of object that can only be instantiated once
• URL — represents a URL
• URLSession — manages network requests for our app
• URLSessionConfiguration — specify settings (ex. timeout interval) for a NSURLSession
• URLSessionTask — a network task that can be executed
• URLSessionDataTask — subclass of NSURLSessionTask; downloads data directly into memory
• URLSessionDownloadTask — subclass of NSURLSessionTask; downloads data to a temporary file
• URLSessionUploadTask — subclass of NSURLSessionTask; specialized for uploading data 
• Data — represents data as raw bytes
• URLResponse — a container for information about the response to a network request such its status code
• Error — a container for information about an error condition

Reference :  Udacity Nanodegree